Estimating groundwater storage changes in the Mississippi River basin (USA) using GRACE |
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Authors: | Matthew Rodell Jianli Chen Hiroko Kato James S. Famiglietti Joe Nigro Clark R. Wilson |
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Affiliation: | (1) Hydrological Sciences Branch, Code 614.3, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA;(2) Center for Space Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 3925 W. Braker Lane, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78759-5321, USA;(3) Earth System Sciences Interdisciplinary Center, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2465, USA;(4) Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;(5) Science Systems and Applications, Inc., 10210 Greenbelt Road, Suite 600, Lanham, MD 20706, USA;(6) Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C1100, Austin, TX 78712-0254, USA |
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Abstract: | Based on satellite observations of Earth’s time variable gravity field from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), it is possible to derive variations in terrestrial water storage, which includes groundwater, soil moisture, and snow. Given auxiliary information on the latter two, one can estimate groundwater storage variations. GRACE may be the only hope for groundwater depletion assessments in data-poor regions of the world. In this study, soil moisture and snow were simulated by the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) and used to isolate groundwater storage anomalies from GRACE water storage data for the Mississippi River basin and its four major sub-basins. Results were evaluated using water level records from 58 wells set in the unconfined aquifers of the basin. Uncertainty in the technique was also assessed. The GRACE-GLDAS estimates compared favorably with the well based time series for the Mississippi River basin and the two sub-basins that are larger than 900,000 km2. The technique performed poorly for the two sub-basins that have areas of approximately 500,000 km2. Continuing enhancement of the GRACE processing methods is likely to improve the skill of the technique in the future, while also increasing the temporal resolution. |
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Keywords: | Groundwater monitoring Water budget Mississippi River basin Geophysical methods Remote sensing |
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