Lithic assemblage from the Jingshuiwan Paleolithic site of the early Late Pleistocene in the Three Gorges,China |
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| Authors: | Shuwen Pei Xing Gao Xingwu Feng Fuyou Chen Robin Dennell |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;2. Laboratory of Human Evolution and Scientific Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;3. Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4ET, UK;1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xizhimenwai Street, Beijing 100044, China;2. Department of Anthropology, Bldg. 30, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, USA;1. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia;2. Institute of Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Zhukoviyn Gudamzh 77, Ulaanbaatar 51, Mongolia;3. University of Arizona, School of Anthropology, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, USA;1. School of Archaeology, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 2HU, UK;2. Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PY, UK;3. Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Northgate House, West Street, Sheffield S1 4ET, UK;4. School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF, UK;1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;2. Hebei Provincial Cultural Relics Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;3. Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;2. School of Anthropology, P. O. Box 210030, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | The Jingshuiwan Paleolithic site lies in the second terrace of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River and has a complete geomorphological section. Archaeological materials from early Late Pleistocene fluvial deposits of silt and sand are dated by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to ca. 70 ka. The stone assemblage from layer 7 includes retouched tools (118), cores (304), flakes (281), flake fragments (101), stone hammers (four) and chunks (102). Artifacts were made from lithic sources locally available from the former riverbed. The main type used was silicarenite; quartzite, hypabyssal intrusive rock, extrusive rock and volcanic breccia were also used. The principal flaking technique was direct hammer percussion without prepared striking platforms. Major blanks for tool fabrication were complete flakes (67.0%), followed by cores and incomplete flakes. Most tools were large. Chopper-chopping tools and scrapers were the dominant tool types, followed by points and notches. Modified tools were mostly retouched unifacially on the surface of blanks by direct hammer percussion. Jingshuiwan provides evidence that South China was occupied during MIS 4. Because of the similarity of the stone tool assemblage with earlier ones associated with Homo erectus, it may also provide indirect evidence that H. erectus persisted into the early Late Pleistocene. |
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