湖泊数值模拟研究现状综述

作为陆面过程的重要组成部分,湖泊在天气气候预测中的作用得到了相关研究者的广泛关注,并成为大气科学研究领域中的一个热点.主要综述了当前湖泊模式的基本类型、所考虑的关键物理过程及其参数化方案,并尝试分析了各个方案的优劣以及模拟效果.相关研究表明,现有的湖泊模式对浅湖的模拟比较成熟,而对深湖和冰湖的模拟有待改进.未来的研究亟需构筑适用于大湖、深湖以及冰湖的参数化方案,发展能全面模拟各类型湖泊的数值模式,并且湖泊数值模拟的改进依赖于今后更多高质量的全球湖泊观测结果.

A Review of Researches on the Lake Numerical Modeling

As an important component of land surface, the lake has been paid wide attention because of its role in the weather and climate prediction. And the related researches become a hot topic in the atmospheric science. This paper mainly summaries the basic classification, current understanding of the physical processes and parameterization schemes in the lake models. We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different schemes and compare their simulation results. Current lake models show a better simulation on the shallow lake, and need improvement in the deep and/or freezing lake simulations. Future work are required to build new parameterization schemes suitable for the deep, large and freezing lakes, and to construct new models suitable for all types of lakes. Any improvement in the lake models is suggested to be strongly dependent on the observational data of global lakes with high quality in the future.