Strontium — ein Fazies-Diagenese-Indikator im Oberen Wettersteinkalk (Mittel-Trias) der Ostalpen |
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Authors: | Dr Jürgen R Kranz |
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Institution: | (1) Present address: Institut für Angewandte Geologie der FU Berlin, Wichernstr. 16, 1 Berlin 33 |
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Abstract: | Zusammenfassung 921 Proben von 18 Standard-Profilen des Oberen Wettersteinkalkes (Ober-Ladin/ Unter-Karn) und seiner stratigraphischen Äquivalente Partnachschichten und Arlbergschichten wurden mit Hilfe der AAS auf Ca, Mg und Sr analysiert. Es wurden die Strontium-Verteilungen in den unterschiedenen Faziesbereichen (Riff-, Rand-, Lagunen- und Beckenfazies) und die Einflüsse von Diagenese, Salinität, Tongehalt und Dolomitisierung auf diese Verteilungen untersucht.Im Vergleich mit rezenten Karbonaten sind die Strontium-Mittelwerte in fast allen Faziesbereichen sehr gering (um 100–200 ppm). Diese intensive Strontium-Verarmung wurde wahrscheinlich durch Frischwasser-Einflüsse während verschiedener Diagenesestufen verursacht. Zum Hangenden (Raibler Schichten/Karn) treten in der Lagunen- und Randfazies Horizonte mit hohen Sr-Gehalten auf (1000–6000 ppm), fallweise auch Coelestin, der als Indikator für evaporitische Sedimentationsbedingungen in arider Umgebung gelten kann.
921 samples collected from 18 standard profiles of the Upper Wettersteinkalk (Upper Ladinian/Lower Carnian) and the corresponding Partnachschichten and Arlbergschichten were analysed with aid of AAS for Ca, Mg and Sr. Additional the HCl-insoluble was detected. The strontium-distributions in different facies types (i. e. reef, reef-margin, lagunal and basin facies) and the influences of diagenesis, salinity, clay content and dolomitization on these distributions were investigated.In nearly all facies areas the Sr means are very low (100–200 ppm) compared with recent carbonates. This strong diminution of Sr was caused by fresh-water influence during different stages of diagenesis. Approaching the Raiblian Schists (Carnian) the lagunal and reef-margins facies contain horizons with high Sr values (1000–6000 ppm) and sometimes celestite, which indicates evaporitic sedimentary conditions in an arid climatic environment.
Résumé 921 échantillons provenant de 18 coupes du Wettersteinkalk supérieur (sup. Ladinien/ inf. Carnien) et de ses équivalents stratigraphiques «Partnachschichten» et «Arlbergschichten» ont été analysés à l'aide de l'AAS pour Ca, Mg et Sr. On a examiné la distribution du strontium dans les différents facies lithologiques (p. e. facies récifaux, de bordure, de lagune, de plate-forme carbonatée) et les influences exercées par la diagenèse, la salinité, la teneur en argile et la dolomitisation sur ces distributions.Comparées aux carbonates récents les concentrations en strontium sont très pauvres (de 100 à 200 ppm). Cet appauvrissement intensif en Sr fut produit vraisemblablement par les influences de l'eau douce (eau souterraine ou vadose) au cours des différents stades de la diagenèse. Vers les strates de Carnien (Couches de Raibl) les coupes du Wettersteinkalk supérieur contiennent des horizons avec une grande quantité de strontium (1000–6000 ppm), et quelquefois aussi de la célestine, ce qui indique des conditions évaporitiques de la sédimentation dans un entourage aride.
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![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![mcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1084.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![bcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1084.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![zhcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1078.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![fcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1092.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![yacy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1103.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![chcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![chcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) , ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) 100-200 ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) . ![Tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1058.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1073.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![zcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1079.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) , ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![yacy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1103.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) , ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![yacy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1103.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![gcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1075.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1079.gif) . ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) (![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![Rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1056.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![jcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1081.gif) ![bcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1073.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![yucy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1102.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![pcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![shcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1096.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![gcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1075.gif) ![ucy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1091.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![fcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1092.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![yacy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1103.gif) (![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) 1000-6000 ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ), ![pcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1094.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) , ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ycy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1099.gif) ![mcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1078.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![mcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) , ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1101.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ucy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1089.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1082.gif) ![lcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/x55w4252k172x374/xxlarge1090.gif) .
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