First phase of active regions and their relation to the chromospheric network

An analysis of 63 young active regions shows that they originate exclusively on the borders of the chromospheric cells. In most cases they do not produce pores or spots, but always arch filament systems and chromospheric faculae. The arch filament systems evolve along the cell border, they are rooted on the network and not in the interior of the chromospheric cells. The sub-photospheric magnetic flux seems to reach the photosphere in units of 10¹⁹ Mx. About 3 hr after the first arch filaments appear pores evolve on the cell border. The pores and spots are probably formed by local aggregations of the emerging flux tubes.Mitteilungen aus dem Fraunhofer-Institut Nr. 132.