膨润土深加工的研究进展

由于膨润土具优良的物化性能、丰富的资源、低廉的价格,使得国内外有关科技人员对其深加工的方法和技术进行了大量的研究。在膨润土的提纯、钙基膨润土的钠化和活性白土的制备、各种有机膨润土的制备、膨润土凝胶的制备、用膨润土制备白炭黑等各种膨润土深加工的方法和技术,以及目前国际上研究的热点:柱撑粘土材料的制备和有机-无机纳米复合材料的制备等方面都有一定的进展。柱撑粘土是一种具有很高催化裂化活性的类分子筛新型固体酸催化材料,也是一种优良的新型环保材料。有机-无机纳米复合材料（纳米粘土）既具有粘土矿物的优良强度和尺寸稳定性,又具有聚合物断裂性能、可加工性和介电性能。膨润土的深加工技术开辟了非金属矿综合利用的新途径。

PRESENT STUDY AND PROSPECT OF FURTHER PROCESSING OF BENTONITE

Scholars at home and abroad had done a lot of work in the field about methods and technology of further processing of Bentonite, because of its excellent physical and chemical properties, abound resources, low price. The methods and technology of further processing of Bentonite were reviewed in this paper, such as purification, Na-displacement modification, preparation organ-bentonite, preparation active clay, pillared clays material, polymer- inorganic nano-composites and so on. Pillared clays are considered to be interesting 2 - dimensional, shape selective molecular sieves of a larger pore size range than zeolites and a new environmental material. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites can exhibit increased modulus, decreased thermal expansion coefficients, reduced gas permeability, increased solvent resistance, and enhanced ionic conductivity when compared to the polymers alone. The further processing of Bentonite disclosed a new fields of its applications and pioneered new approaches of synthesis using of nonmetal mines.