对称性与人文地理系统的规律性

长期以来,人文地理学一直未能找到像物理学定律那样严格的规律.究其根源,在于人文地理系统不满足时空平移对称性.大自然在宇宙尺度和粒子尺度都遵循某种对称法则,但在人类活动的地理尺度上,各种对称规则似乎都被破坏.因此,严格的普适性不能作为人文地理模型的选择依据.然而,近年的研究表明,人文地理系统在表面的不对称背后,却隐含着另外一种对称规则.人文地理系统演化的一个隐含的目标似乎就是重建大自然的对称律.寻找这类隐含的对称法则及其演化机理有助于地理学的理论建设和应用发展.借助典型的实例说明地理对称问题对人文地理学规律探讨的学术意义,着重论证地理对称性与变换中的不变性的逻辑关系,以及人文地理学对称性研究的一些相关问题,目的是为人文地理学的理论建设启发新的研究思路.

New Way of Looking at Human Geographical Laws Using the Idea from Symmetry

Because of asymmetry of space and time translation, geographers have been trying in vain to find theoretical laws which are like the natural laws in classical physics for a long time. The basic laws at large scale of macro level (cosmos) and small scale of micro level (particles) keep symmetric in both space and time. However, for human scale of medium level (e.g. cities), all symmetry rules seem to be broken. For a geographical phenomenon, mathematical model is not always one and only, and model parameter ...