参考声速剖面误差对主动式声呐定位影响仿真分析

参考声速剖面误差是制约水下定位精度最棘手的误差源.目前国际上主要存在声速剖面校正和传播时间校正这两类主动式声呐定位方法.本文提出了主动式声呐观测的信号传播时间追赶仿真算法，构建了带周期函数的经验正交函数声速场建模方法，实现了主动式声呐观测及水下定位海洋误差仿真，开展了声速剖面校正法和传播时间校正法两类定位模型对比分析.结果表明，虽然两种方法都具备良好的声速误差补偿效果，但两者仍存在毫米级差异；此外，海面测线构型优化有助于削弱参考声速误差影响.

Simulation analysis on reference sound velocity profile error influence on active acoustic positioning

The reference sound velocity profile error is the thorny error source to restrict the underwater positioning accuracy. There are mainly two types of acoustic positioning methods developed in latest two decades, and they are the sound velocity profile correction method and the round-trip travel time correction method. In this paper, the two-round travelling time pursuit algorithm for simulating the active acoustic observation is proposed, and the sound velocity field modeling method with periodic function is constructed in the context of the empirical orthogonal function to achieve the active acoustic observation and the marine environmental error simulation of underwater positioning. The comparative study on the applicability and positioning accuracy of the two types of acoustic positioning models correcting the sound velocity profile error on the two-round travelling time is performed. The results show that although the two methods have almost the same performance on the velocity profile error compensation, there is still millimeters difference between them. In addition, it is significant to weaken the influence of the sound velocity profile error on the positioning by optimizing the surface tracking line.