济南四大泉群附近补给路径及补给比例研究

济南地区岩溶大泉是集供水、旅游、生态等功能于一体的重要自然资源，但随着经济社会的快速发展，人类活动影响不断增强，各岩溶大泉受到水质劣化、流量衰减的威胁。为了明确济南四大泉群附近主要补给路径，更加科学合理的保护泉水资源，文章采用流速流向定量分析、地下水流场分析、水化学同位素分析、聚类分析、三端元混合比计算等研究方法，分析了济南四大泉群主要补给路径，定量计算了各泉群补给路径贡献比例。研究表明，四大泉群的主要补给路径可划分为西部、南部、东南部补给路径，每个泉群受到不同补给路径的混合补给作用，其中趵突泉、黑虎泉、五龙潭、珍珠泉泉群的主要补给来源分别为南部补给路径（流量占比40.21%）、东南部补给路径（流量占比47.42%）、西部补给路径（流量占比47.13%）、南部补给路径（流量占比51.04%），研究工作可为我国北方岩溶大泉成因机制和生态保护提供参考。

Research on recharge paths and recharge ratios near the four major spring groups in Jinan

Due to its dynamic stability and good water quality, karst water in the northern region of China has become an important water source for urban water supply, and industrial and agricultural activities, providing an important support for economic and social development. Karst springs in Jinan City are also important natural resources integrated with water supply, tourism and ecology. However, since the 1970s, the karst groundwater mining has increased greatly with the rapid development of urban construction; consequently, four major karst spring groups in Jinan gradually dried up and even incurred the cutoff. Until the early 21st century, the four major karst spring groups began to gush again, thanks to the implementation of a large number of ecological control measures. But the water quality of these spring groups is not as good as it was before and the flow is also not large as before. Moreover, there exist ecological and environmental issues such as water quality deterioration, water flow decline, etc. Scholars from around the world have conducted much hydrogeological research in Baotu Spring basin, including the source of recharge of karst groundwater, the cycle of evolution, the relationship between karst cold water and northern geothermal energy, the spatial distribution of karst water-bearing media and flow field characteristics, the conversion relationship of karst water and surface water, etc. However, it is difficult to accurately grasp preponderant runoff paths in karst aquifers at a scale of the hydrogeological unit, which is one of most difficult challenges in the study of karst groundwater. oundwater.