黑龙江省逊克平原土壤质量及绿色产地适宜性评价

利用1:25万土地质量地球化学调查数据,根据《土地质量地球化学评价规范》和《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》,对逊克平原土壤质量和绿色产地土壤环境质量进行评价。结果显示: 逊克平原土地肥沃,环境优良,适合于发展绿色农业。①逊克平原土壤养分N、P、K、有机质、CaO、MgO、Fe2O3、S、B、Zn、Mn、Cu、Mo、Co、Ge、V 16项中,CaO、MgO、Cu、Zn为较缺乏,Ge、B缺乏,其他指标均为丰富和较丰富。土壤养分综合等级以丰富和较丰富为主,面积分别为6 088 km2和4 984 km2,分别占全区面积的44.58%和36.5%。②土壤环境质量综合等级以无风险为主,面积13 600 km2,占调查区面积的99.59%; 风险可控区面积56 km2,占0.41%。③土壤质量综合等级以优质土壤为主,面积为11 028 km2,占全区面积的80.76%; 良好土壤面积2 072 km2,占全区的15.17%; 中等土地面积556 km2,占4.07%,没有差等(四等)和劣等(五等)土壤。④逊克平原满足一级(AA级)绿色产地要求的土壤面积为13 396.45 km2,占全区面积的98.1%; 满足二级(A级)绿色产地要求的土壤面积为148 km2,占全区面积的1.1%; 不符合绿色食品产地要求的土壤面积为112 km2,占全区面积的0.8%。逊克平原土壤养分充足,环境清洁,开发绿色食品产地潜力巨大。

Evaluation of the soil quality and the suitability for green food-producing areas in the Xunke Plain,Heilongjiang Province

As per the Specification of Land Quality Geochemical Assessment and the Soil Environment Quality-Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land (Trial), this study evaluated the soil quality of the Xunke Plain and the soil environmental quality of the plain as green food-producing areas using the 1:250 000 geochemical survey data of land quality. The results show that the Xunke Plain has fertile land and an excellent environment and is suitable for the development of green agriculture. ①The Xunke Plain is rich or highly rich in 16 soil nutrients (i.e., N, P, K, organic matter, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, S, B, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, Co, Ge, and V) except for CaO, MgO, Cu, and Zn, which are deficient, and Ge and B, which are highly deficient. This plain mainly has soil nutrients of highly rich and rich comprehensive grades, which cover an area of 6,088 km2 and 4,984 km2, respectively, accounting for 44.58% and 36.5% of the total area of the plain, respectively. ②This plain mainly has the soil environmental quality of risk-free comprehensive grade, which covers an area of 13,600 km2, accounting for 99.59% of the total area of the plain. The portion with controllable risk covers an area of 56 km2, accounting for 0.41%. ③This plain mainly has soil quality of excellent comprehensive grade, which covers an area of 11,028 km2, accounting for 80.76% of the total area of the plain. The land portion with high-quality soil quality has an area of 2,072 km2, accounting for 15.17%, and that with moderate soil quality covers an area of 556 km2, accounting for 4.07%. There is no poor (fourth grade) or inferior (fifth grade) soil in the plain. ④The soil of the Xunke Plain meeting the requirements of Class-I (AA) and Class-II (A) green food-producing areas has an area of 13,396.45 km2 and 148 km2, respectively, accounting for 98.1% and 1.1% of the total area of the plain, respectively. The soil that is unsuitable to be used as green food-producing areas has an area of 112 km2, accounting for 0.8% of the total area of the plain. Overall, the Xunke Plain enjoys sufficient soil nutrients and a clean environment and has great potential for developing as green food-producing areas.