皖江城市带饮用天然矿泉水资源开发利用现状与对策建议

基于实际地质调查资料,对照现行饮用天然矿泉水国家标准,对皖江城市带已勘查评价的饮用天然矿泉水资源及开发利用现状进行复核统计。结合矿泉水的资源禀赋、经济社会发展及生态环境保护需求,分析矿泉水开发利用中存在的主要问题并提出对策建议。皖江城市带现存矿泉水井(泉)允许开采量为17 540.45 m3/d,实际开采量为1 306.39 m3/d,仅占现存井(泉)允许开采量的7.45％。矿泉水开发利用中除了存在资源闲置和资源不足并存、优质低用、保护不力等问题外,还普遍忽视了矿泉水化学成分来源和作用机制认识不深入、资源可持续利用条件不清楚、资源储量评价方法不合理等制约因素。今后矿泉水勘查评价时,应高度重视水化学和环境同位素综合分析,深入研究水-岩作用和资源可持续利用条件,根据水文地质条件正确选择资源储量评价方法,为其开发利用提供坚实基础。同时,应科学规划矿泉水勘查开发布局,重点开展天长地区碳酸偏硅酸锶型矿泉水和大别山区矿泉水的勘查开发,助力产业结构调整和乡村振兴。

Status and countermeasures for the development and utilization of drinking natural mineral water resources of the Anhui urban belt along the Yangtze River

Based on the actual geological survey data and current national standard for drinking natural mineral water, this paper rechecks and counts the explored and evaluated drinking natural mineral water resources and their development and utilization of the urban belt in Anhui section of the Yangtze River. In combination of the mineral water resource endowment, economic and social development, and ecological environment protection needs, the study analyzed the main problems in the development and utilization of mineral water and put forward the countermeasures. The allowable mining capacity of the existing mineral water wells (springs) of the Anhui urban belt along of the Yangtze River is 17 540.45 m3/d, and the actual extracted amount is 1 306.39 m3/d, which only accounts for 7.45％ of the allowable mining capacity. Besides the problems such as idle and insufficient resources, high-quality but low utilization, and inadequate protection, deep-seated constraints such as inadequate understanding on the chemical composition sources and mechanisms of mineral water, obscure conditions for sustainable utilization, and unreasonable resource reserves estimation are also widely ignored. In the future, the exploration and evaluation of mineral water should attach great importance to the comprehensive analysis of water chemistry and environmental isotopes, conduct in-depth research on water-rock interaction and sustainable resource utilization conditions, and correctly select resource reserve estimation methods based on hydrogeological conditions, providing a solid foundation for development and utilization. At the same time, we should scientifically plan the layout of mineral water exploration and development, and focus on the exploration and development of carbonated mineral water in Tianchang area and mineral water in Dabie Mountain, so as to boost industrial restructuring and rural revitalization.