鸟瞰航摄历史遗迹景观的技术分析

介绍了国内利用超轻型飞机航空摄影考古的首次试验,通过对历史遗迹的分析,取得良好的应用效果。本次试验采用国产的超轻型飞机蓝鹰AD-200Y型,携带常规照相机,在内蒙古自治区以呼和浩特市为中心的局部地区,进行20个架次飞行,从低航空高度环绕历史遗迹,多角度视野,进行航拍鸟瞰地表历史遗迹景观照片799张。这些照片反映历史遗迹的整体面貌,是地面田野考古无法做到的事。为考古研究提供了不可多得的资料。其技术工艺流程：①确定历史遗迹项目；②地形图分析历史遗迹基础地理环境(地理位置,地形地貌)；③分析交通气象状况；④航空摄影技术设计；⑤超轻型飞机技术完善；⑥照相机和胶卷选型；⑦拟定飞行安全措施；⑧飞行基地起降跑道选择；⑨航摄飞行实施和指挥；⑩历史遗迹鸟瞰景观数字化图像分析。

Aerophotography for Bird''s Eye View Photos Taking of Historical Relics

This article introduced the first aerophotographic experiment for archeology using super-light aircraftin China.After having made a fitting experiment plan through correctly comprehending the experiment's de-mands,we have successfully fulfilled this task through skillfully using flight and photographic technology.Based on the super-light aircraft,Landying AD-200Y,and airborne cameras,20 flights have flown for cap-turing the bird's eye view photos from multi-directions of historical relics in Huhhot of Inner Mongolia.799photos were taken by this operation will be useful for archaeologists.The entire procedure we adopted in this experiment is as following:①determining the historical relics item;②using relief map to analyse the basic geographic environment(such as location and landform)of the historicalrelics;③analysing the traffic and weather conditions;④choosing aerophotographic methods;⑤designing flightscheme for the super light aircraft;⑥choosing the camera and the film types;⑦identifying flight safety mea-sures;⑧choosing the base air station and runway;⑨implementing and directing aerophotographic flight;and⑩producing the bird's eye view photos' digital images.