汾河上游土地利用变化对生态经济协调发展的影响

汾河上游流域是黄土高原生态脆弱区独立的流域单元,是山西省太原市惟一的供水之源,也是重要水源涵养区,其土地利用方式直接影响着流域乃至山西省的生态安全。参照Costanza生态系统服务价值计算方法及生态经济协调度模式,定量分析汾河上游1990-2008年土地利用变化引起的生态系统服务价值和生态经济协调度的变化趋势。结果表明,近20 a间,汾河上游流域生态系统服务价值呈现出先减少后增加的趋势;其中林地面积的增加对生态系统服务价值贡献较大,但水域面积的减少带来生态服务功能价值减少,生态环境存在潜在危机;总体上,流域内生态经济协调度有所改善,但仍处于低协调度的边缘,尤其是流域范围内的宁武县、岚县和静乐县。

The Impact of Land Use Change on Ecology-Economy Harmony Degree in the upper Reaches of Fenhe River Watershed

Research on relationship between ecological environment and economic development is very important for a river watershed. The upper reaches of the Fenhe River watershed is an independent watershed unit in Loess Plateau and only an water supply area for Taiyuan, and land use change in the Fenhe River watershed is closely related to ecological safety in the watershed and the Shanxi Province. This paper analyzed the impact of land use change on ecosystem service values and ecology-economy harmony degrees in the upper reaches of the Fenhe River watershed during 1990-2008. Results showed that the ecosystem services values presented a trend of first decreasing and then increasing in the about 20 years; The increase of forest land brought increase of ecosystem services values, but the decrease of water area brought decrease of ecosystem services values, so the potential ecological crisis still existed in the watershed; The ecology-economy harmony degree improved during 1990-2008, but it was still in low level, especially in Ningwu, Lanxian and Jingle counties.