Experimental evidence on formation of imminent and short-term hydrochemical precursors for earthquakes |
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Authors: | Jianguo Du Kazuhiro Amita Shinji Ohsawa Youlian Zhang Chunli Kang Makoto Yamada |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, 63 Fuxing Avenue, Beijing 100036, China;2. Institute for Geothermal Science, Kyoto University, Beppu 874-0903, Japan;3. Seismological Press, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China;4. China Earthquake Network Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China |
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Abstract: | The formation of imminent hydrochemical precursors of earthquakes is investigated by the simulation for water–rock reaction in a brittle aquifer. Sixty-one soaking experiments were carried out with granodiorite and trachyandesite grains of different sizes and three chemically-distinct waters for 6 to 168 h. The experimental data demonstrate that water–rock reaction can result in both measurable increases and decreases of ion concentrations in short times and that the extents of hydrochemical variations are controlled by the grain size, dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation, as well as the chemistry of the rock and groundwater. The results indicate that water–rock reactions in brittle aquifers and aquitards may be an important genetic mechanism of hydrochemical seismic precursors when the aquifers and aquitards are fractured in response to tectonic stress. |
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