国内外城市空间扩展研究评析

城市空间扩展是城市化过程的重要标志, 而城市土地利用变化又是城市空间扩展最为直接的表现形式。随着全球城市化的推进, 城市空间扩展已成为国内外城市发展研究中的热点领域。国外城市空间扩展研究发端于20 世纪60 年代的计量地理革命, 中国城市空间扩展的研究自80 年代中期开始;2000 年以来, 伴随中国城市化的快速发展, 城市空间扩展问题日益突出, 城市空间扩展研究逐渐成为热点, 有关研究成果更是大量涌现。本文根据国内外城市空间扩展研究内容的变化, 运用文献资料法和对比分析法, 从扩展形态、扩展模式、动力机制、模拟预测、效应与调控5 个方面对城市空间扩展研究进行了系统总结与梳理。在国外与国内比较研究与综合分类基础上, 重点评析现阶段国内相关研究的特点和不足, 并对中国未来城市空间扩展的研究趋势进行了展望。

Review on the research of urban spatial expansion

Urban spatial expansion is the most important manifestation of urbanization process, and urban land– use change is the most direct indicator of urban spatial extension, namely, "spatial urbanization". Along with global urbanization, urban spatial expansion has become a hot field in the research of urban development. Foreign research on urban spatial expansion started to unfold when Quantitative Geography Revolution took place in the 1960s, whereas in China it had a relatively late start in the 1980s. Now China is undergoing rapid urbanization, problems and conflicts in urban space expansion are becoming increasingly prominent. Since 2000, a large number of achievements have been made in this field, and need to be sorted out. Based on the progress of theoretical studies and the change of the content of urban spatial expansion research, this article uses the methods of literature search and comparative analysis to review the research progress. The urban spatial expansion researches are reviewed from five aspects, including expansion types, expansion patterns, dynamic mechanism, simulation and prediction, effects and regulations. Through discussing the different research contents, research methods and research conclusions, and combining classification and comprehensive review of foreign and domestic researches, this review discusses the characteristics and inadequacy of the current research, and suggests future research directions. The trend of urban spatial expansion research in China are summarized in four aspects as follows: (1) future research will become more and more focused on urban spatial simulation and prediction; (2) the research on spatial expansion pattern at the regional scale and in the less developed central and west areas will be strengthened; (3) by taking research experience and methods from other disciplines for reference, we should strengthen the fusion of multidisciplinary methods to be better able to solve the problem of urban spatial expansion; (4) based on the status and environment of urban development research in China, the theory and method of the research need to be innovated, in order to narrow the gap between domestic and international research levels. This review provides a reference for further studies of urban spatial expansion as well as the guidance for a healthy, sound and coordinated development of urban space.