生活方式对开封城市家庭采暖碳排放的影响

随着城市化进程的加快和家庭采暖用能消费量的不断提高, 家庭采暖用能碳排放对环境造成的胁迫效应日益凸显。尽管家庭采暖碳排放问题引起众多学者的关注, 但深入探讨微观家庭采暖用能碳排放机理研究仍然缺乏。根据生活方式对家庭采暖碳排放影响的理论分析, 构建城市家庭采暖碳排放影响因素研究模型, 以暖温带典型城市——开封市为例, 基于792 户家庭样本的调查数据, 探究生活方式与家庭人均采暖CO₂排放之间的关系。借助数据统计和多元回归分析发现:① 家庭采暖生活方式各因子与人均采暖CO₂排放量之间的关系密切, 随着各因子的变化, 家庭人均采暖CO₂排放量呈现出规律性变化;② 生活方式各因子均为影响家庭人均采暖CO₂排放的显著因子, 其中, 住房面积、采暖形式、采暖期长度、人口规模等因素对家庭人均采暖CO₂排放的影响程度较大。建议采用低碳采暖形式, 以降低家庭采暖碳排放量。

Lifestyle's impact on carbon emissions from urban housholds' space heating:A case study of Kaifeng City

With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase of households' energy consumption for heating in winter, the impact of carbon emissions from households' space heating on the environment has become prominent. Although the issue of carbon emissions has received attention from many scholars, microscopic study on the mechanism of carbon emissions is still lacking. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between lifestyle and carbon emissions from households' space heating. Based on the lifestyle theory and related review articles, the indices of lifestyle factors related to households' space heating are selected, including living space, heating method, length of heating, family size, income, and so on. Through the analysis of the impact of lifestyle factors on carbon emissions, a conceptual model of carbon emissions from urban households' space heating is established, and it shows that heating method, length of heating, living space have direct effects, while family size, income, attitude towards space heating have indirect effects. Based on valid questionnaires from 792 households in a survey in Kaifeng City from December 25, 2011 to January 6, 2012, the features of per capita CO₂ emissions from the 792 households' space heating are analyzed, and the influencing factors are analyzed using multiple regression method. The results are as follows: (1) there is a close relationship between the lifestyle and carbon emissions from households' space heating. The quantity of per capita CO₂ emissions from housholds' space heating varies with family characteristics, heating methods, attitudes towards space heating; (2) for each family lifestyle index has significant effects on per capita CO₂ emissions, among which living space, heating method, length of heating, and family size are the major ones; (3) per capita CO₂ emissions from households' space heating can be regulated by changing to high-efficiency carbon heating methods, controlling the increase of living space, and so on.