El Nino年和La Nina年的非线性临界层与副高的形成、维持和振荡

采用欧洲中心１９８２年１２月、１９８３年４月、１９８４年１０月和１９８５年４月的月平均纬向风场实际观测资料，作为非线性临界层模式的基本气流进行数值积分，得到：用１９８２年１２月和１９８３年４月的基流模拟出的副高强、范围大、数目少，维持２￣３个单体，且向西移，东西振荡周期１－２个月。用１９８４年１０月和１９８５年４月的基流模拟出的副高弱、范围小，成带状分布，数目多达４个单体，副高合并、分裂得较快，亦

THE NONLINEAR CRITICAL LAYER DURING EL NINO AND LA NINA AND GENERATION, MAINTENANCE AND OSCILLATION OF SUBTROPICAL HIGH

In this paper, with monthly U of the ECM WF data in Dec. 1982, Apr. 1983, Oct. 1984 and Apr. 1985, a nonlinear critical layer model is integrated The results show that, using the basic fluid U in Dec. 1982 and in Apr. 1983, 6. Its scope is big, the intensity of the subtropical hihg is strong and the sum maintains at two. The subtropical high moves westward. The period of oscillation is one or two months. On the contrary, in Oct. 1984 and Apr. 1985, the scope is small and the intensity is weak, the fluid field is like a band. The sum reaches four or six. The subtropical high breaks up or unites quickly and moves westward. It is known that from sept. 1982 to sept. 1983, there occurs an El Nino event; from oct. 1984 to sept. 1985 there occurs a La Nina event. The energy flux charts show that, the amplitude in El Nino is bigger than that in La Nina. It is then possible that the basic flow in El Nino can streng then subtropical high, and correspondingly, the basic flow in La Nina can weaken the subtropical high. These results are of importance for the research of the generation, maintenance and oscillation of the subtropical high.