论北极环境变化对中国国家非传统安全的影响

随着全球环境问题的升温，北极环境变化也越来越受到了国际社会的关注，中国作为一个近北极国家，深受北极环境变化的影响。本文从环境安全、经济安全、资源安全等非传统安全因素方面来探讨北极环境变化对中国可能产生的影响。就环境安全来说，北极环境变化对中国生态环境将产生直接的威胁，未来气温可能升高所导致北极海冰融化，对中国的社会和经济有着巨大危害；就经济安全而言，北极环境变化所带来的北极航道的全面开通，可能是中国未来发展的一个机遇，但是中国要想在北极航运资源的开发上分得一杯羹将面临着多重障碍；就资源安全来说，北极地区资源丰富，这对能源缺乏的中国而言，意义重大。但鉴于目前中国对北极问题的参与来看，即使北极地区的资源能得到良好的开发，其开发利用主要掌握在环北极国家手里，那么对能源供给越来越依赖国外的中国来说，必定会受制于人，无法从根本上保障中国能源供给的战略安全。

ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON CHINA'S NON-TRADITIONAL SECURITY

With the warming of global environmental issues, Arctic environmental change is paid more and more attention by the international community. China,which is a near-Arctic country, is greatly influenced by the change. The paper will analyse the impact which the Arctic environmental change may influence on China from environmental security, economic security, resource security, and other non-traditional security factors. From environmental security, the Arctic environmental change will have a direct threat to the future on the ecological environment. The Arctic sea ice could be melt by rising temperatures which will lead to a huge social and economic harm in China; From the economic safety, Arctic environmental change will bring the full opening of the Arctic channel, which may be an opportunity for China's development in the future, but if China wants to shipping in the Arctic resource development on a slice will have multiple obstacles; From resource security, the rich Arctic is significant to China. However, given the current problems in China's participation in the Arctic, even if the resources can be a well developed, it is mainly vested in the Arctic countries. China energy supply will be controlled by others, which can not fundamentally protect the safety of China's energy strategy.