Recent developments in immobilizing titanium dioxide on supports for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater- A review |
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| Authors: | M H Alhaji K Sanaullah A Khan A Hamza A Muhammad M S Ishola A R H Rigit S A Bhawani |
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| Institution: | 1.Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology,Zaria,Nigeria;2.Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability,Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS),Kota Samarahan,Malaysia;3.Department of Chemical Engineering,Ahmadu Bello University,Zaria,Nigeria;4.Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Ilorin,Kwara,Nigeria;5.Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS),Kota Samarahan,Malaysia;6.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology,Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS),Kota Samarahan,Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | This review focuses on the various types of supports used for immobilization of titanium dioxide nanomaterial catalyst for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. Several supports suitable to particular immobilization technique used for the degradation of pollutants in wastewater streams are explained. In general, a coating of catalyst on supports is carried out either by physical (e.g., thermal treatment) or by chemical (e.g., sol–gel). Among a range of the supports used, some of the prominent ones include glass, silica, activated carbon, stainless steel, cellulose, clay. Also, characterization methods in use such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, and UV-spectroscopy are discussed. The operating parameters such as temperature for the selected immobilization techniques are also explained. |
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