额济纳绿洲植被与环境因子的研究综述

就近10 a对额济纳绿洲的最新研究进行了概括和总结,得出对额济纳绿洲的最新研究主要集中在GSPAC系统各组成成分以及额济纳绿洲生态环境变化的研究上。虽然研究成果丰硕,但也有研究不足和有待深入的地方,主要有以下几方面:①要加强土壤水分的时空异质性、不同植被类型区土壤水分时空分布特征、不同地下水埋深条件下土壤水动态变化等的研究。②加强“四水”（微观水文循环）的动力学过程与机制,尤其是饱和带-包气带界面水、汽、热转化过程的研究,以及人类活动影响下浅层地下水系统演化特征的研究。③对黑河下游应急生态输水过程的生态环境效应研究甚少,应加强这一方面的研究。④进一步加强天然植被不同部位（根、茎、叶以及果实）水势的研究;探讨不同环境条件下植物水势变化特点,揭示干旱、盐胁迫环境下植物的抗旱与抗盐机理;加强植物水势对盐胁迫环境的响应研究,重视植物水势与地下水位之间的相互联系,通过研究不同干旱、盐胁迫环境下的植物水势变化,揭示植物受干旱、盐胁迫的过程和程度。

Research on Vegetation and Environmental Factors in Ejina Oasis:A review

Newly achieved study for the Ejina oasis during the recent decade were mainly concentrated on elements of GSPAC system and eco-environment change in Ejina oasis. There are great successes, but some research fields should be strengthened: (1) research on the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of soil water, distribution of soil water in various vegetation zones, and dynamic change of soil water within different groundwater tables; (2) research on dynamic process and mechanics of "Four water" cycle (micro-water cycle), especially research on transformation of water, steam, heat in saturated-unsaturated zone interface, and evolvement of shallow groundwater system subjected to human activities; (3) research on eco-environment effect of transporting water in the lower Heihe River; (4) research on water potential in different parts of natural plant, plant water potential change in various environments, response of plant water potential to salt and drought stress.