复杂性科学在页岩油气勘探和研究中的应用

复杂性科学是当今世界科学重要的前沿领域之一。为了促进复杂性科学的基本理论和方法在页岩油气勘探和研究领域的广泛应用,笔者等重点围绕地质系统复杂性的基本内涵,从地质系统构成单元的多重耦合和相互作用、地质作用的复杂时空结构、地质作用过程中的自组织临界过程动力学以及矿产资源形成在混沌边缘等方面,介绍了地质系统复杂性研究的基本理论和研究方法。将上述地质系统复杂性理论运用于页岩油气系统,探讨了利用复杂系统的总体特征通过局域组成单元相互作用的“涌现”机制,来解决目前页岩储层中存在的如何利用微观局域精细表征进行客观刻画宏观储层特征问题;分析了利用地质作用的时空结构理论,建立页岩储层非均质性的静态和分形时空结构的方法;在整体论思想指导下,根据地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长这一规律,探讨了页岩油气在自组织临界态的混沌边缘富集预测方法。复杂性科学的理论和方法,必将在页岩油气的勘探研究中发挥越来越重要的作用。

Application of complexity science in the shale oil and gas research and exploration

Complexity science is one of the important frontier fields of science in the world now. In order to promote the application of the theories and methods of complexity science in the field of shale oil and gas research and exploration, focusing on the connotation of the complexity of geosystems. Methods: Based on a literature review, this paper introduces the basic theories and research methods of the complexity of geosystems from the aspects of multiple coupling and interaction of multiple components of geological system, space-time structure of geological process, self-organized critical dynamics of geological processes and the formation of mineral resources on the edge of chaos. Results: Applying the above complexity theory of geological system to shale oil and gas system, this paper discusses how to use the overall characteristics of complex system and the "emergence" mechanism of local component unit interaction to solve the problem of how to objectively describe the macroscopic reservoir characteristics by using microscopic local fine characterization in shale reservoir; analyses the method for establishing static and fractal space-time structure of shale reservoir heterogeneity with use of the space-time structure theory of geological process; explores the prediction method of shale oil and gas enrichment at the edge of chaos in self-organized critical state under the guidance of holism, according to the fractal growth law of geological system at the edge of chaos. Conclusions: The theories and methods of complexity science will play a more and more important role in the exploration and research of shale oil and gas.