超轻量镜面系统的研制

空间望远镜的研制一直要求系统的轻量化，美国宇航局（NASA）最近研制的韦伯太空望远镜，其主镜系统面密度相对于哈勃空间望远镜已大幅减轻。在韦伯望远镜主镜系统的研制过程中，NASA开展了一系列关于超轻量镜面系统的验证计划，多家机构拿出多个方案参与竞标。本文选取几个比较典型的方案，介绍这些镜面系统的设计思想、结构、材料、加工以及相关测试结果，期望能对国内相关方面的工作提供参考。

The Research on the Ultra- light Mirror System

The space telescope system is required to be light. The JWST （the James Webb Space Telescope） which has recently produced by NASA （American National Aeronautics and Space Administration）gets much smaller area density of primary mirror system than HST （ the Hubble Space Telescope）. JWST was formerly known as the NGST （ Next Generation Space Telescope） , and it has a basic goal in NASA to produce a larger space telescope than the HST with the same cost and mass. In order to design the lightest primary mirror system, NASA scheduled a series of programs such as NMSD （ NGST Mirror System Demonstrator） ,SBMD （Small Beryllium Mirror Demonstrator ） and AMSD （Advanced Mirror System Demonstrator）. Many institutes competed for those programs, they all have good schemes for the ultra - light mirror system. In this article, several typical projects are introduced with respect to the design idea, structure, material, manufacture and test results.