新疆大喀纳斯旅游区游客的生态系统服务消耗研究

生态系统服务消耗是生态经济相关研究领域关注的热点。以新疆大喀纳斯旅游区为实证点，在游客消费的生态系统服务类型分析基础上，利用物质量法与能值分析法，结合调研数据和统计资料，尝试从景区这类较小尺度空间开展游客生态系统服务消耗计量与分析。结果表明：2010年游客生态系统服务消耗总量为2.54×10¹⁹sej；游客食、住、行、游、娱、环卫等结构中餐饮活动的生态系统服务消耗水平最高，占总消耗的46.48%，其次为游憩活动的消耗水平，占总消耗量的27.76%。游客物质产品类生态系统服务的消耗比重最大，占总消耗的44.52%，此类服务中又以食物消耗所占比重最大；生态安全维护类生态系统服务消耗占总消耗的比重为27.72%，此类服务中CO₂固定和废物吸收处理所占比重较大。

Research on visitors consumption of ecosystem services about Big Kanas Ecological Tourism Area in Xinjiang

In this paper,taking Xinjiang Big Kanas Tourism Area as a case,based on analysis of the tourist ecosystem service type,using amount of substance and emergy analysis,combined with the survey data and statistical data,the tourist ecosystem services consumption were tried to measure and analyze from smaller scale space.The study ana-lyzed and measured seven types consumption of visitors ecosystem services,i.e.,food,accommodation,transporta-tion,traveling,shopping,entertainment,waste disposal,together with survey analysis data of tourism transportation, infrastructure and reception facilities in Big Kanas Ecological Tourism Area in Xinjiang in 2010.The result shows that visitor consumption of ecosystem services was 2.54 ×1019 sej in 2010.The highest visitor consumption of ecosystem services was catering,accounting for 46.48%of the total consumption,followed by consumption of recreational activ-ity,accounting for 27.76%of the total consumption.Waste consumption accounted for 9.84%of the total consump-tion.The tourist consumption of material product type of ecosystem services was the maximum,accounting for 44. 52%of total consumption,most of which was food consumption.Ecosystem services for maintaining ecological secur-ity accounted for 27.72%of the total,of which,CO2 fixation and waste handling accounted for a large proportion.