Single ping ADCP data

Because acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data are inherently noisy, they are usually presented in an averaged form. But a great deal can be learned, particularly about the ADCP system itself, by looking at single ping data. The author presents examples of analyses done on single ping data and shows how these data can be used to understand system sampling, bin-to-bin independence, system noise, and the character of a secondary parameter-AGC. Some discussion of how these results are applied to processing procedures and their verification are presented