大气污染物SOx输送方程的尺度分析

文中用量纲分析方法分析了控制大气污染物输送方程的动力学特性。提出了 6种反映大气污染物输送过程中各种动力、物理和化学过程相对重要性的动力学参数。并以硫氧化物为例进行了各参数量级大小分析 ,尤其对 3种起汇作用 (去除机理 )的机理 (化学转化、干沉降和湿清除 )在不同尺度大气污染过程中的作用进行了详细分析。结果表明 :在一般情况下 ,SO2 的气相化学作用小于干沉降和湿清除的作用 ;干沉降作用很依赖于模式最底层厚度的选取 ;在有降雨时湿清除作用一般较大。文中还对大气污染物SOx 输送方程各项特征量的量级作了分析对比 ,得出了控制不同尺度大气污染物输送过程的零级近似方程和一级近似方程 ,并指出了这些方程的基本特征

SCALE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT EQUATION OF AIR POLLUTANTS(SOx)

The dynamic characteristics of atmospheric transport equation of air pollutants are analyzed by the scale analysis in this paper. Six important dynamic parameters showing the relative importance of dynamic, physical and chemical processes in atmospheric pollution are proposed originally. Their size of order of magnitude is analyzed for sulfur as an example. Especially, the importance of three sink mechanisms (chemical transfer, dry deposition and wet removal) in process of atmospheric pollution for different scale is discussed. Results show that the role of the gas chemical reaction for sulfur is less than the deposition and wet removal in general situation. The role of dry deposition is much dependent on the thickness chosen for the lowest layer of atmospheric model of air pollution. The wet removal process is important in general when it rains. Based on the analysis of the order of magnitude for the characters of terms in atmospheric pollution equation, we obtain the zero- and first order approximation equation which control the atmospheric transport process of air pollutants(SO x). Their basic characters are also discussed.