俄罗斯贝加尔湖北部 Yoko-Dovyren 层状纯橄岩-橄长岩-辉长岩地块: 结构、成分以及作为矿物原材料的用途

Yoko-Dovyren层状纯橄岩-橄长岩-辉长岩地块位于西伯利亚克拉通南部的一处褶皱构造框架中(俄罗斯贝加尔湖地区北部)。该地块的结构在其厚度最大的中部得到了着重研究。剖面底部主体成分为斜长橄榄岩,并依据内部的堆晶成分变化从下往上可分为五个主要的地层序列:纯橄岩→橄长岩→橄榄辉长岩→橄榄辉长苏长岩→石英辉长苏长岩以及含易变辉石的辉长岩。该地块的矿化包括铜-镍矿化、低硫型富铂族元素(PGE)矿化以及铬铁矿化等。另外,该地块也含多种非金属矿物原材料,如硼矿化、透辉石、各种镁质硅酸盐岩等。它们也包括纯橄岩、异剥橄榄岩和橄长岩,并以较高的品质产出,有望采掘加工成为建筑材料(水泥、混凝土、沥青混凝土和建筑陶瓷)。综合利用矿物原材料可增加矿床价值,并有助于建设环保型采矿工作体系。

Yoko-Dovyren layered dunite-troctolite-gabbro massif,North Baikal region,Russia: Structure,composition and use of mineral raw materials

The Yoko-Dovyren layered dunite-troctolite-gabbro massif is located in a folded frame of the South Siberian Craton (North Baikal region, Russia). The massif structure has been studied in detail in the thickest central part. The base of the section is composed of plagioclase peridotites of the endocontact, turning into the main stratigraphic sequence of five zones corresponding to changes in cumulus associations (from bottom to top): dunite → troctolite → olivine gabbro → olivine gabbronorite → quartz gabbronorites and pigeonite-containing gabbro. Among the mineral resources of the massif are sulfide copper-nickel ores, rocks with low-sulfide mineralization of platinum group elements and other mineralization, and chromitites. In addition, the massif contains various types of nonmetallic raw materials, including boron mineralization, diopside, and magnesium silicate rocks. These include dunites, wehrlites and troctolites, which are of high quality. They are promising for obtaining building materials (cements, concretes, asphalt concretes and building ceramics). The solution to this issue is important from the point of view of the integrated use of mineral raw materials in the development of mineral deposits, which allows for establishing environmentally safe mining works.