意愿价值法评估生态服务价值的有效性与可靠性及实例设计研究

意愿价值评估法（CVM）以新古典经济学需求理论为基础，通过构造假想市场使生态服务价值的评估成为可能。但是，经验研究中出现了与新古典经济理论及其预期不一致的异常现象，致使CVM的有效性与可靠性受到广泛质疑，而成为目前国际CVM研究的主要方向。对国际、国内CVM有效性与可靠性的研究进展进行了综述，重点梳理了国际上对WTP的内容依赖性、WTP与WTA的显著差异及可靠性与效益转移等方面的经验研究；而国内由于缺乏该方面的系统研究，制约了CVM在我国生态价值评估及环境公共政策制定中的应用。为此，在前期开展的实例研究基础上，设计了适合我国社会经济特征和生态环境特点的CVM有效性与可靠性研究的技术路线和多重调查方案，以期推动CVM在我国的进一步发展与应用。

Origin Analysis of Extra Low-Permeability and Evaluation for Example Reservoir in the Yan25 Area of Ansai Oil Field

The origin of extra low-permeability and influential factors of Chang6 reservoir in the Yan25 area of Ansai Oil Field are studied synthetically through using the log information, testing and analytical information such as Casting section, scanning electron microscope, X diffraction, grain size analysis and mercury penetration et al. and then, the reservoir is evaluated. The results show that accumulation properties are worse, the reservoir mainly develops intergranular pore and emposieu, and pore structure types are fine pore and microscopic throat. Sedimentation and diagenesis have impacted on the origins of extra low-permeability together, such as accumulation properties are various in the different Sedimentary microfacies. The great content of low-energy component, fine grade and the low compositional maturity are the main reasons that cause the extra low-permeability. Compaction and cementation have decreased the porosity, then the permeability have become worse. However, denudation and fractures have improved the extra low-permeability characteristics to some great extent. According to the analysis of properties and pore structure parameters, the reservoir is classified into 3 classes, subsea river channel and mouth bar sand body are the main distributed facies belt of the reservoir.