| 自然灾害灾情评估研究与实践进展 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 袁艺. 自然灾害灾情评估研究与实践进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(1): 22-32. DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.01.0022 |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 袁艺 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 民政部国家减灾中心,北京,100053 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目“综合风险防范救助保障与保险体系示范”(编号:2006BAD20B04);;国家自然科学基金项目“自然灾害救助应急预案的区域分异规律研究”(编号:40801215)资助 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 自然灾害灾情评估是科学开展灾害管理工作的基础。灾情评估以单次灾害过程的灾前预评估、灾中应急评估、灾后综合评估以及区域灾情评估为主要内容,基于历史灾情统计资料的评估方法、基于承灾体易损性的评估方法、现场抽样调查统计方法、遥感图像或航片识别法、基层统计上报方法、经济学方法等是灾情评估的主要方法。灾情评估的目标从对灾情的估算和统计扩展到对灾情大小的分级,评估内容上逐步重视灾害的社会经济影响评估,评估方法上注重多种方法的综合应用,以及建立灾情评估系统是灾情评估研究与应用的主要发展方向。国内外研究和实践成果在减灾工作中的实际应用亟待加强,迫切需要形成包括对单次灾害过程的灾前预评估、灾中应急评估、灾后综合评估以及区域灾情综合评估在内的自然灾害灾情评估的内容体系、评估指标体系、评估标准体系和评估方法体系。
|
| 关 键 词： | 灾情评估 灾前预评估 灾中应急评估 灾后综合评估 区域灾情评估 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-02-23 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009-10-19 |
Advances in the Assessment of Natural Disaster Situation |
| |
| YUAN Yi. Advances in the Assessment of Natural Disaster Situation[J]. Advances in Earth Sciences, 2010, 25(1): 22-32. DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.01.0022 |
| |
| Authors: | YUAN Yi |
| |
| Affiliation: | National Disaster Reduction Center of China, Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing100053, China |
| |
| Abstract: | The disaster situation refers to the scale,intensity,frequency of the natural disasters as well as the losses and the influence on society and economy caused by natural disasters.The assessment of disaster situation is the foundation of disaster management.Classified according to time,the assessment of the disaster situation can be divided into pre-disaster forecasting assessment,mid-disaster emergency assessment,post-disaster integrated assessment as well as regional disaster situation assessment.Classifie... |
| |
| Keywords: | Disaster situation Pre-disaster forecasting assessment Mid-disaster emergency assessment Post-disaster integrated assessment Regional disaster situation assessment. |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《地球科学进展》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《地球科学进展》下载全文 |
