3D地图打印技术研究

2015年9月美国3D打印机在河北省制图院落户。笔者结合其配套打印软件，组织技术人员反复实践，研发出一套符合我国实际的3D地图生产工艺流程，成功解决了基础地理信息国标数据格式向3D格式数据转换、3D地形模型编辑、3D符号设计等一系列难题。该技术融合了3ds Max、ArcGIS、Global Mapper等多种软件制图技术，具备实用性强、可操作性强、推广价值较高等优点。产品涵盖晕渲地图、正射影像地图、专题地图、物理沙盘等品种。3D打印地图具备以下特点：色彩鲜艳、地形直观逼真；色彩设计自由，富于变化；精度高；可接收多源数据；生产效率高。

Research of 3D Map Printing Technology

The 3D printer made in America was introduced to Hebei Provincial Institute of Cartography in September,2015.By utilizing its assorted printing software and engaging the technical staff in repeated practice,a set of technological process of production in accord with the reality of China were developed.It succeeds in resolving the series of tough problems,such as transforming the model of the fundamental geographic information data into that of the 3D data,the editing of the 3D elevation models and the designing of the 3D symbols.The technology integrates the cartographic techniques presented in varied software,such as 3ds Max,ArcGIS and Global Mapper,characterized by strong practicability,maneuverability and high value of popularizing.The technology covers hill shading topographic maps,digital orthophoto maps,thematic maps,sand table models and so on.The maps printed by 3D printers are characterized by bright colors making the elevation models real and direct,free color combination rich in variety,impressive accuracy,ability to receive multisource data and high productivity.