特提斯域的密西西比河谷型(MVT)铅锌矿床

特提斯域是全球最重要的密西西比河谷型(MVT)铅锌矿床富集区,矿床广泛地分布在陆-陆碰撞造山带两侧的陆块上,就位于碰撞形成的褶皱-逆冲带和前陆带内,成矿通常发生在碰撞挤压作用晚期或之后、区域处于走滑或伸展的阶段。矿床、矿体的就位与张性断裂密切相关,主要控矿因素有蒸发盐底辟构造、碳酸盐岩溶蚀垮塌构造、蒸发盐溶蚀垮塌构造、高孔隙度白云岩、含重晶石地层等。油气流体在许多矿床和矿集区出现,其主要通过与硫酸盐发生反应为铅锌成矿提供还原硫。陆-陆碰撞的大地构造环境、大量的蒸发盐、丰富的油气流体是特提斯域富集MVT矿床的重要原因,域内寻找MVT矿床的潜力巨大。

Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits in the Tethyan domain:A review

The Tethyan domain hosts the world''s most abundant Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits, which occur in fold-thrust belts and forelands on both sides of the continent-continent collisional zone through the whole Tethyan domain. Mineralization commonly took place when the ore districts were experiencing strike-slip or extensional deformation, which occurred after regional compression or during the late stage of a compressional deformation event. The main ore-controlling factors include extensional faults, evaporite diapir, carbonate dissolution and collapse, evaporite dissolution and collapse, porous dolostone, and barite-bearing strata. Records of hydrocarbon fluids are present in many Pb-Zn deposits and ore districts of the Tethyan domain. They reacted with (dissolved) sulfate to provide reduced sulfur for the ore formation. The generation of such abundant MVT Pb-Zn deposits in the Tethyan domain can be attributed to the continent-continent collisional tectonic setting, large amounts of evaporites, and plentiful hydrocarbon fluids. This study raises the exploration potential for MV TPb-Zn deposits in the Tethyan domain.