毛乌素沙地现代人为活动的生态环境效应研究进展

毛乌素沙地地处中国北方农牧交错带,是典型的生态环境脆弱区。随着农牧业的发展、能源开发以及区域政策措施的实施等人为活动的增强,该地区生态环境发生了显著变化,人为活动产生了相应的生态环境效应。本文通过梳理国内外对毛乌素沙地生态环境效应的研究进展,从土地沙漠化、土地利用/覆被变化、植被演变3个方面系统总结了该地区的人为活动(重点关注人口变化、自然资源开发及重大环境工程的实施)对生态环境产生的正效应和负效应,并总结了该区域有关人为活动的生态环境效应评价的研究成果及存在的问题等。这可为进一步在该区域开展环境保护的实践与研究工作提供参考。

Research Progress on Eco-Environmental Effects of Modern Human Activities in the Mu Us Sandy Land,China

the Mu Us Sandy Land, located in a farming-pastoral zone of northern China, is one of the most typical fragile ecological environment areas. With enhancing disturbance from modern human activities and implementing regional policies, significant changes of ecological environment in the region have been appearing in the past 60 years, causing negative or positive eco-environmental effects. In this paper, we analyzed systematically the research works related to eco-environmental effects due to human activities in the Mu Us Sandy Land. The present progress and the open questions in the research fields were summarized from the aspects of human activities effects on land desertification, land use/cover change, vegetation change. Furthermore, practice achievements of environmental assessment in the Mu Us Sandy Land were summarized. The conclusions obtained can provide some advices or references for relevant research works in future.