基于空间关系认知的新模式地图设计——以路网构架图表达“一带一路”路线为例

地图所要表达的空间结构通常通过空间关系来建构和描述,包括距离关系、方向关系和拓扑关系。本文基于空间关系认知,从定名量表、顺序量表、间隔量表、比率量表4个量表分析了传统地图与新模式地图的空间关系分辨率的变化过程,并以路网架构图为例,对比了传统地图与新模式地图的认知效果,提出在制图中要重视认知效率和表现对象的细节程度。

Design of New Pattern Map Based on Spatial Relations Cognition: Taking the Schematic Map of "The Belt and Road" as an Example

Spatial structure that maps represented is usually constructed and depicted by spatial relations,including distance relation,direction relation and topologic relation.Based on the cognition of spatial relations,this paper analyzes the process of spatial relations resolution change from traditional maps to new pattern map,which are described by nominal scales,ordinal scales,interval scales and ratio scales.In addition,taking the schematic map as an example,it compares the cognition effects of traditional map to new pattern maps,and put forward to pay attention to cognitive efficiency and the level of representing object's detail in cartography.