社区主客观特征对社区满意度的影响机理——以上海市郊区为例

在以人为本发展理念的指导下,城市研究与规划越来越关注城市生活空间的构建与居民生活质量的提升,社区满意度研究的重要性不断增加。在郊区快速发展和社区生活圈构建的背景下,论文基于对上海市郊区居民活动日志调查的一手数据,在Campbell模型的基础上建立理论模型,从客观和主观相结合的视角出发,聚焦社区客观建成环境、社区主观感知特征和社区满意度三者之间的影响机理,并利用结构方程模型开展实证研究。研究结果表明：居民的社区感知情况对社区满意度有直接性和决定性的影响,居民对社区的健康、便利、安全和美观情况的感知对社区满意度都存在显著的正影响;社区的密度、可达性、设施等客观建成环境通过影响社区感知特征而间接地影响社区满意度;居民的社会经济属性对社区感知特征和社区满意度的影响甚微,影响郊区居民社区满意度的主要因素是社区特征。

Impact of the built environment and perceived neighborhood characteristics on residents’ satisfaction： Evidence from the Shanghai suburbs

With human-centered development as the key principle of urban development in China, urban studies and urban planning are paying more attention to the construction of urban living space and the improvement of residents' life quality, and the importance of research on residents' neighborhood satisfaction is increasing. Under the background of rapid suburbanization and the construction of community life circle, this study used primary data on residents' daily activities and travel behaviors from 10 towns in the Shanghai suburbs to empirically investigate residents' neighborhood satisfaction. We constructed a theoretical model based on Campbell's Model, and then examined the interactions between neighborhood built environment, perceived neighborhood characteristics, and residents' neighborhood satisfaction by combining subjective and objective assessments. A structural equation model was used to verify the impact pathways and mechanisms. The results show that perceived neighborhood characteristics have direct and decisive influences on residents' neighborhood satisfaction, and residents' perceptions on the neighborhood situation of health, convenience, safety, and appearance all have significant positive impacts on residents' satisfaction. Factors of the built environment such as density, accessibility, and facility situation impact residents' satisfaction indirectly through perceived neighborhood characteristics. Residents' socioeconomic characteristics have little influence on their neighborhood satisfaction, and the main influencing factors of residents' satisfaction are neighborhood characteristics.