地勘单位改革所面临的困境及对宁夏煤田地质局的影响

宁夏煤田地质局作为宁夏回族自治区唯一专业从事煤田地质勘查的单位，由于历史背景、区域特点的差异．与全国各地质勘查单位相比，在改革进程中所面临的问题，除人才缺乏、资金紧张、资产有限等共性问题外．还有许多个体差异，这些因素严重制约着宁夏煤田局做大做强及可持续发展。参照内蒙、广东和陕西三省地勘单位的改革经验，认为地勘单位企业化改革不能等同于地勘行业的改革．地勘单位企业化改革的成败与事企及产权明晰程度有关，长期积累的顽症决定了事转企的改革具有阶段性、差异性。宁夏煤田地质局的事转企改革与可持续发展应在宽松的矿政环境及优惠政策下推进，并创造条件向产业链中的高利润产业拓展。

Geological Exploration Unit Faced Difficult Position and Its Impact to the Ningxia Bureau of Coal Geological Exploration

As the only special unit engaged with coal geological exploration in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, since differences on historic background and region characteristics compare with other geological exploration units countrywide, the Ningxia Bureau of Coal Geological Exploration has many individual issues other than general issues of specialized personnel shortage, financial strain and limited assets. These factors are seriously constraining the bureau to be bigger and stronger and sustainable development. Refer to reform experiences of geological exploration units in Inner Mongolia, Guangdong and Shaanxi three provinces （region）, considered that the geological exploration unit to be run as enterprise is different from geological exploration industrial reform, the success or failure of the former is related to definitude between public institutions and enterprises, as well as property rights division. The long accumulated persistent ailments have determined stagewise operating and discrepancy of transformation from public institution to enterprise. Transformation of the bureau and sustainable development should be pushed under more relaxed mining and political settings with preferential policies, and provided facilities for reaching out to a profitable enterprise in the industry chain