Climate change and local adaptation strategies in the middle Inner Mongolia,northern China |
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Authors: | Shulin Liu Tao Wang |
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Institution: | (1) Key Lab. Desert and Desertification, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China |
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Abstract: | According to records of 17 meteorological stations distributed in the study area, climate change of the middle Inner Mongolia
in northern China was analyzed in this paper. Based on SPOT VGT data, combined with field investigation, local vegetation
change was detected in the last 10 years. The results show that annual mean air temperature obviously rose, while precipitation
slightly decreased in fluctuation in the study area during the last 50 years. Air temperature increasing rates are +0.318°C 10 year−1 during 1960-2009 and +0.423°C 10 year−1 during 1980–2009, while precipitation decreasing rates are −2.91 mm 10 year−1 during 1960–2009. There were five different dry or wet periods from the 1960s to the 2000s in order, and the wetter 1990s
and the drier 2000s changed dramatically in the study area. Local climate totally tend to warm–dry conditions during the last
50 years. According to coefficient of variation (Cv) of yearly growing-season cumulative NDVI value and yearly NDVI maximum in pixel scale, vegetation had experienced huge temporal
and spatial variation during the last 10 years. Recently, frequent droughts and dust storms seriously affected local agriculture
and grazing activities, and resulted in heavy economic loss, especially over the drought period of 1999–2001. Faced with those
drought disasters accompanied with strong dust storms, the local authorities proposed the enclosing-transferring strategy
and made great efforts to adapt overt climate change and improve environment, including making selective emigration, decreasing
livestock numbers, fencing grasslands and building forage production bases with irrigation instruments and actively adjusting
industry structure. However, some effects and potential problems of this adaptation strategy still need to be comprehensively
assessed further in longer time scales and aimed at different sub-regions. |
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