A wave modulation model of ripples over long surface waves |
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Authors: | Peixiu Cong Guizhen Zheng |
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Institution: | Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, P. R. China |
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Abstract: | A study is presented on the modulation of ripples induced by a long surface wave (LW) and a new theoretical modulation model
is proposed. In this model, the wind surface stress modulation is related to the modulation of ripple spectrum. The model
results show that in the case of LW propagating in the wind direction with the wave age parameter of LW increasing, the area
with enhanced shear stress shifts from the region near the LW crest on the upwind slope to the LW trough. With a smaller wave
age parameter of LW, the ripple modulation has the maximum on the upwind slope in the vicinity of LW crest, while with a larger
parameter the enhancement of ripple spectrum does not occur in that region. At low winds the amplitude of ripple modulation
transfer function (MTF) is larger in the gravity wave range, while at moderate or high winds it changes little in the range
from short gravity waves to capillary waves. |
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Keywords: | ocean waves ripples wave modulation modulation transfer function wind stress wave spectrum |
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