沈阳市不同功能区地表土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)污染特征研究

采用高效液相色谱法对沈阳市地表土壤中的多环芳烃（Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons，PAHs）进行了定量分析，研究了沈阳市地表土壤中PAHs在不同功能区的含量及分布特征。结果表明：从土壤PAHs总量来看，居民区最低，其次是商业区，交通干道、文教区和公园排在商业区之后，工业区的PAHs总量最多；从PAHs的空间差异来看，靠近工业区以及机动车车流量较大的地区PAHs含量较高，靠近文教区和居住区的地区PAHs含量较低；从PAHs种类来看，所有功能区样品中PAHs的组分分布状况较为一致，以四环PAHs含量最多，其次是五环PAHs和三环PAHs；参考美国EPA沉积物PAHs质量标准和治理标准，沈阳市内五区PAHs总量超过质量标准的功能区有工业区、交通干道（4个采样点，占比36.3%）、文教区（3个采样点，占比75%）和公园区（4个采样点，占比40%），超过治理标准的功能区有工业区，公园区（1个采样点，占比10%），文教区（1个采样点，25%）。

Study on PAHs pollution characteristics of surface soil in different functional areas in Shenyang

Quantitative analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)for surface soil of Shenyang was carried out using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)method.The content and distribution characteristics of PAHs for surface soil in different functional areas of Shenyang were studied.As far as the total amount of PAHs in soil concerned,the content of PAHs in parks is the lowest,followed by residential areas.Universities and commercial areas rank behind residential areas.Whereas traffic arteries and industrial areas have the larger content of PAHs.For the spatial distribution of the content of PAHs,the contents of PAHs in the areas close to industry and areas with large number of motor vehicles are higher,while the contents of PAHs in the areas close to culture,education,and habitation are lower.The distribution of PAHs components in all samples was consistent,with the content of tetracyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons being the highest,followed by tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pentacyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.Referring to the quality and controlling standards of EPA sediment of PAHs in United States,the functional areas in which the total amount of PAHs exceeded the quality standards include industrial areas,traffic arteries(4 sampling points,accounting for 36.3%),cultural and educational areas(3 sampling points,accounting for 75%)and public parks(4 sampling points,accounting for 40%).The functional areas that exceed the governance standards include industrial areas,parks(1 point,10%)and cultural and educational areas(1 point,25%).The results of this study can provide reference for urban layout planning and soil pollution control in Shenyang.