农村劳动力转移与农户生计间的影响关系分析——以甘肃省为例

新型城镇化的提出，必然会对农村劳动力转移的方向、形式、强度等方面产生较大影响，而农村劳动力转移又与农户生计的可持续发展息息相关。从家庭决策的角度出发，劳动力的迁移改变了农户发展生计的"能力"，农户生计资本的状况又决定了劳动力转移这一行为变量的选择。本研究基于可持续生计框架，定量评估了农户生计资本与劳动力转移之间的相关关系，并得出以下结论：自然资本、物质资本、金融资本、人力资本、社会资本等与农村劳动力流动具有不同的相关关系，其中自然资本与其具有U型二次曲线关系；物质资本与其具有倒U型二次曲线关系；金融资本、人力资本、社会资本与其具有正向关系。这些研究不仅是对可持续生计框架理论基础的丰富及应用领域的拓展，又为研究劳动力转移提供了新的视角，对于有效解决三农问题，促进农户生计的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义和社会意义。

Relationship analysis between transfer of rural labor and farmers' livelihood:a case of Gansu Province

From a perspective of family decision-making,labor's migration has changed the"Capacity"of developing livelihood for farmers,in turn,the behavior choice with labor's transfer is based on the livelihood capitals. However,the exiting studies mostly focused on the general characteristics of the transfer of rural labor and case studies on the relationship between livelihood capital and labor's transfer,there lacks an overall framework to study the internal mechanism systematically,a short of specialized data collection,and an empirical research from a perspective of livelihood. Therefore,based on the sustainable livelihood framework of DFID,this paper built the indicator system for Gansu Province,China,and then determined the weights and entropy weights of each indicator by using entropy method. The transfer of rural labor was divided into two types:non-farm labor's transfer in local areas(ncfnrk)and comprehensive transfer from rural to city(agtrans)which were regarded as dependent variable;five different livelihood capitals were regarded as independent variables. Finally,the relationship between labor force's shift and livelihood capitals for farmers were assessed by using mixed regression, fixed effects regression and random effects regression. Conclusions are as follows:natural capital,physical capital,financial capital,human capital,social capital have different relationships with a mobility of rural labor,where the relationship between natural capital and mobility of rural labor shows a U-type secondary curve,relationship between physical capital and mobility of rural labor shows an inverted U-shaped quadratic curve,financial capital,human capital and social capital show a positive relationship with the mobility of rural labor. This study is not only an expansion of the theoretical basis and the application of sustainable livelihoods framework,but also provides a new perspective for the study of labor force. Meanwhile,this study has important practical significance and social significance for promoting sustainable development of farmers and solving rural issues effectively.