Clay minerals in Lake Mobutu Sese Seko (Lake Albert) — Their diagenetic changes as an indicator of the paleoclimate |
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Authors: | Dr Peter Stoffers Dr Arieh Singer |
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Institution: | (1) Present address: Institut für Sedimentforschung, Universität Heidelberg, Postfach 103020, D-6900 Heidelberg, F. R. G.;(2) Present address: Department of Soil and Water Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel |
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Abstract: | The mineralogy and chemistry of cores from Lake Mobutu Sese Seko (East Africa) were studied. The base of the longest core was14C-dated at 28,000 years B.P. The clay fraction contains smectite (S), illite (I), kaolinite (K) and interstratified illite-smectite (I—S). These clays vary in a cyclic pattern. The following sequence was observed in the longest core from top to bottom: S (I+K) I—S (S, + I, + K) I (I—S, +(K)) I—S (I, +S, +K) S (I+K).This sequence is related to the Pleistocene evolution of Lake Mobutu Sese Seko. The occurrence of illite is explained as a diagenetic transformation of smectite into illite. During the illite formation (> 12,500 years B.P.) the lake was in a closed basin stage, a conclusion supported by the presence of phillipsite and chabazite zeolites and the occurrence of protodolomitic oolites together with the illite.
Zusammenfassung Sedimentkerne aus dem Albert-See wurden mineralogisch untersucht. C14-Datierungen ergaben für das Kernende des längsten Kerns ein Alter von 28 000 Jahren v. h. Die Tonfraktion enthält Smektit (S), Illit (I), Kaolinit (K) und Wechsellagerungsmineralien (I—S). Der Anteil der einzelnen Mineralien ändert sich zyklisch mit der Tiefe. Vom Hangenden zum Liegenden läßt sich folgende Abfolge beobachten: S (I+K) I—S (S, + I, + K) I (I—S, +(K)) I—S (I, + S, +K) S (I+K).Diese Abfolge steht im Zusammenhang mit der Pleistozänen Entwicklung des Albert-Sees. Das Auftreten von Illit wild als diagenetische Umwandlung aus Smektit erklärt. Zum Zeitpunkt der Illitbildung (> 12500 v. h.) war der Albert-See abflußlos und hochkonzentriert. Diese Tatsache wird unterstrichen durch die Vergesellschaftung von Illit mit den Zeolithen Phillipsit und Chabasit. Das gleichzeitige Auftreten von protodolomitischen Oolithen zeigt, daß der Seespiegel wesentlich tiefer als heute lag.
Résumé Des carrottes de sondage provenant du Lac Albert ont fait l'objet d'études minéralogiques. L'extrémité inférieure des carrottes les plus longues ont, datées par le C14, un âge de 28.000 années. La fraction argileuse comprend de la smectite (S), de l'illite (I), de la kaolinite (K), et des minéraux à feuillets (I—S). La proportion des minéraux change cycliquement avec la profondeur. Du haut vers le bas, on observe la suite suivante: S (I+K) I—S (S, + I, + K) I (I—S, +(K)) I—S (I, + S, +K) S (I+K). Cette suite est en liaison étroite avec le développement du Lac Albert au Pléistocène. La présence d'illite s'explique par la transformation diagénétique à partir de la smectite. Au moment de la formation de l'illite (> 12.5000), le Lac Albert était sans écoulement et était marqué par une forte concentration. Ce fait est souligné par l'association d'illite avec les zéolites, la philippsite et la chabasite. La présence simultanée d'oolites protodolomitiques montre que le niveau du lac était nettement plus bas qu'ajourd'hui.
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![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) : S(I+ ) – I – S (S1 + I1 + 1) – I(I – S + ]) I – S (I + S + ) – S (I + ).![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![kcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1082.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![pcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1087.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![pcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![tscy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1094.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) . ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Mcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1052.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Ucy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1059.gif) , ![kcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1082.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![gcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1075.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![CHcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1063.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1082.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![pcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1087.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Mcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1052.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) . ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Mcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1052.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) (12600 ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Mcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1052.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![ycy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1099.gif) ![khcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1093.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![shcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1096.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![kcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1082.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![CHcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1063.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) . ![IOcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1025.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![pcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1087.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![CHcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1063.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![kcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1082.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![tscy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1094.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![tscy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1094.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![ycy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1099.gif) ![Fcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1060.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![pcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1087.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![khcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1093.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) . ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![pcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1087.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Mcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1052.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![ycy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1099.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Ucy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1059.gif) ![kcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1082.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![ycy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1099.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) , ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ucy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1059.gif) ![Rcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1056.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Vcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1042.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![gcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1075.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![Bcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1041.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Acy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1040.gif) ![CHcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1063.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![tcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1090.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![lcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![Icy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1048.gif) ![zhcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1078.gif) ![scy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1089.gif) ![gcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1075.gif) ![Ocy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1054.gif) ![Dcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1044.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![softcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1100.gif) ![shcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1096.gif) ![Ncy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1053.gif) ![IEcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1045.gif) ![gcy](/content/7h177630l8256647/xxlarge1075.gif) .
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