长三角区域绿色技术创新效率的时空演化格局及驱动因素

在长三角更高质量一体化的战略背景下,绿色技术创新作为绿色发展和创新驱动两大国家战略的结合点,已成为长三角区域绿色转型发展的重要引擎。通过构建包含非期望产出的超效率SBM-DEA模型,对2010—2017年长三角区域核心城市的绿色技术创新效率进行测度,并研究其时空演化格局和驱动因素。结果显示：① 在时序演变上,长三角区域的绿色技术创新效率呈现“W”型变化特征;② 在空间演变上,长三角东南部地区的绿色技术创新效率相对稳定,而中部、西南部变动明显,整体呈现连片集聚发展特征;③ 在空间关联上,长三角区域绿色技术创新效率的区域空间联系逐渐由“极化效应”转变为“涓滴效应”,泰尔指数和基尼系数整体表现为与时序演变相反的“M”型变化特征;④ 基于长三角区域绿色技术创新投入、产出及效率测算结果,将各城市划分为高高高、高高低、高低低、低高高、低低高和低低低六种类型,进一步揭示了长三角区域绿色技术创新发展路径的区域差异;⑤ 驱动因素分析结果表明,环境规制、经济发展、产业结构、对外开放和人力资本皆对长三角区域整体的绿色技术创新效率有着显著的正向促进影响,但创新支持具有显著的负向溢出效应。

The spatio-temporal evolutionary pattern and driving forces mechanism of green technology innovation efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta region

In the strategic background of high quality integration in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), green technology innovation, as the combination of green development and innovation-driven national strategies, has become an important engine of green transformation and development in the region. This paper, by constructing a super-efficiency SBM-DEA model that includes undesired output, measures the efficiency of green technology innovation in core cities of the YRD from 2010 to 2017, and studies its spatio-temporal evolutionary pattern and driving forces mechanism. The results show that, (1) In terms of time series evolution, the green technology innovation efficiency in the study region shows a “W”-shape pattern. (2) In terms of spatial evolution, the green technology innovation efficiency in the southeast of the YRD is relatively stable, while changes in the central and southwestern parts are obvious, showing the characteristics of continuous agglomeration and development as a whole. (3) In terms of spatial correlation, the regional spatial relationship of green technology innovation efficiency in the YRD has gradually changed from the “polarization effect” to the “trickle down effect”. As a whole, Theil index and Gini coefficient show the characteristics of an “M” change opposite to the evolution of time series. (4) Based on the measured results of input, output and efficiency of green technology innovation in the delta region, all cities are identified into six types: high-high-high, high-high-low, high-low-low, low-high-high, low-low-high, and low-low-low This further reveals regional differences in the development path of green technology innovation in the YRD. (5) The research results of driving forces mechanism show that environmental regulation, economic development, industrial structure, opening degree to the outside world, human capital and urbanization all play significant positive roles in promoting the spatio-temporal evolution of green technology innovation efficiency in the YRD, while the innovation support has a significant negative spillover effect. (6) On the whole, the green technology innovation in the study region does have a significant “Porter Hypothesis” effect, but the “pollution paradise” effect mentioned in the literature has not been found.