长江中游城市群旅游经济发展和生态环境压力耦合与解耦态势

明晰旅游经济发展与生态环境压力间的交互胁迫作用是协调旅游地人地关系的重要基础。运用变异系数法和综合指数法测度2002-2018年长江中游城市群旅游经济发展水平与生态环境压力指数,并引入Tapio解耦模型探析二者解耦关系的时空特征。结果表明:1)长江中游城市群整体旅游经济发展水平在波动中提升,不同城市的旅游经济发展水平空间差异显著;2)城市生态环境压力以波动低速上升为主,在空间上形成不同类型和范围的“压力俱乐部”;3)旅游经济发展与生态环境压力的年际解耦关系大致呈类“U”形,而在阶段性解耦关系上,旅游经济发展与生态环境压力的解耦与耦合具有反复性、动态性和不可持续性。研究结果可为长江中游城市群加速旅游经济发展、缓解生态环境压力、实现区域可持续发展提供理论参考。

Coupling and Decoupling Situation of Tourism Economic Development and Ecological Environment Pressure of Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

To clarify the interaction between tourism economic development and ecological environment pressure is an important basis for coordinating the human-land relationship of tourist destinations.The methods of variation coefficient and comprehensive index were applied to measure the tourism economic development level and ecological environment pressure index of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2002 to 2018,and the Tapio decoupling model was introduced to explore the spatio-temporal characteristics of coupling and decoupling relationship between the two systems.The results are showed as follows.1)The whole tourism economic development level of the urban agglomeration rises slightly with fluctuation,and the spatial differences of tourism economic development level between different sub-urban agglomerations and cities are significant.2)The ecological environment pressure of the urban agglomeration mainly shows slow-speed fluctuation growth,forming"pressure clubs"of different types and scopes in space.3)The interannual decoupling relationship between tourism economic development and ecological environment pressure of the urban agglomeration roughly presents a"U"shape,while in the phased decoupling relationship,the decoupling and coupling of tourism economic development and ecological environment pressure of the urban agglomeration are repetitive,dynamic and unsustainable.This study can provide theoretical references for urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River to accelerate the development of tourism economy,alleviate the pressure of ecological environment and achieve the regional sustainable development.