Assessment of the major hazard potential of interfacial solitary waves moving over a trapezoidal obstacle on a horizontal plateau

Over the last few decades, a lot of attention has been concentrated on the consequences of marine impacts, especially those caused by the tsunami wave train. Internal solitary waves are similar to the surface waves that commonly occur in the waters of the ocean or large lakes and can have significant effects on oceanic mixing, climate change, the movement of submerged plankton, and the weathering of geological structures. This motion can be severe enough to create natural hazards such as submarine tsunamis in the ocean. These could also even occur in large lakes. The present work aims to contribute to this knowledge base by studying internal wave propagation on a shallow continental shelf following a particular marine impact. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted in order to clarify the movement of an interfacial solitary wave across a uniform slope and a horizontal plateau forming a slope-shelf topography. The results obtained from test runs indicate that the wave maintains its strength, having a direct impact on the natural ecology of the local oceanic environment. Comparison with different seabed topographies is also presented to demonstrate the propagation of an internal wave over a trapezoidal barrier. A better fitting and more appropriate model is employed to examine the relationship between the physical parameters for better predicting the evolution of an internal solitary wave as it moves over a trapezoidal obstacle on a horizontal plateau.