艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘形态特征

选择新疆艾比湖流域精河县东南部梭梭林沙地中的典型抛物线形沙丘为研究对象，以风沙地貌学、遥感、地理信息系统及测量学理论为基础，利用野外调查3S工作平台，运用RTK技术实地获取三维基础数据，通过ArcGIS10.0软件生成沙丘DEM，有效提取沙丘的地形因子和形态特征，量化分析了抛物线形沙丘的三维形态特征。结果表明：所研究抛物线形沙丘的平面形态为“U”形和“V”形，开口面向NW，即区域盛行风向，沙丘弧顶凸出指向SE，即下风方向，沙丘长轴走向与当地合成风向或输沙方向一致；迎风坡较缓，沙质较粗；背风坡较陡，沙质较细；横剖面不对称，北翼角长于南翼角；主要植被类型为梭梭，伴有芨芨草为主的若干草本，主要分布在风蚀洼地及沙丘脊上。运用RTK技术所获得的三维数据中，96%的高程值误差小于0.02 m，数据可靠。

Morphology of Parabolic Dunes in the Ebinur Lake Basin,Xinjiang, China

For the typical parabolic dunes in the Ebinur Lake Basin, DEM can be generated through ArcGIS10.0, Topography factor and shape parameters can be extracted by 3S platform and RTK technology for three-dimensional field-based data. The parabolic dunes showed U-shape and V-shape in plane, the direction of dune ridge line's medial axis is northwest, showing direction of prevailing wind and resultant sand transporting potential. Longitudinal profile showed that windward slope is gentler, while leeward slope is steeper, and cross section isn't symmetric, the north arm is longer than the southern arm. The Haloxylon ammodendron is the major vegetation on the dunes, accompanied by a number of herbal, mainly distributed in the two arms, even grand and dune ridges. The 96% of the elevation error of three-dimensional data obtained through RTK technology is less than 0.02m, so the data is reliable.