国内英语科技词典中词缀不当问题分析

通过对比否定前缀不同的同义词在国内外词典中的收录情况和在剑桥科学文摘自然科学类文摘中的使用次数,并从词源学、形态学和语音学的角度进行分析,指出:国内英语科技词典中存在否定前缀不当的词条;否定前缀un-,尤其是non-被滥用。以英美词典为参照,发现国内英语科技词典中后缀-ce与-cy相混淆;后缀-ness被滥用。分析了否定前缀不同的同义词单元化的趋势。建议清理词缀“不当”的词条:删除否定前缀“不当”的词条,正确区分后缀不同的同根词在不同学科中的形式和词义。

Improper Affixation in Domestic Scientific English Dictionaries

Based on the presence times of synonymies with different negative prefixes in domestic and foreign dictionaries,and the synonymies' using times in Cambridge Scientific Abstracts,this paper points out,after analyzing the synonymies from the angles of etymology,morphology and phonetics,there are entries with improper negative prefixes in domestic scientific English dictionaries;Un-,particularly non-are abused.Referred to British and American English dictionaries,suffixes of-ce and-cy become identical,and-ness is abused in domestic scientific English dictionaries.It analyzes the one-variant-surviving tendency of the synonymies with different negative prefixes.It suggests that the domestic scientific English dictionaries should deal with the entries of improper affixation: delete the entries with improper negative prefixes,and correctly differentiate those noun variants derived from the same stems,determining their forms and meanings in different disciplines.