半知菌JYX-201菌株对海洋污染重金属反应的研究

从胶州湾污染区域的沉积物样品中筛选获得1株对重金属元素反应敏感的菌株,经鉴定为灰黄青霉(Penicillium griseofulvum),对该菌株在重金属胁迫下的生物学特征及酶的活性变化进行了研究,结果表明,一定量的重金属铜、锌离子对菌株产生显著的影响,并通过形态与色素变化的方式表现出来。当培养基中 Cu2+浓度为125 mg/dm3,Zn2+浓度为800 mg/dm3时,孢子萌发会完全受到抑制,同时菌丝也发生严重变异。菌株色素随着 Cu2+浓度的增加呈现从灰绿色到浅黄色的颜色变化,随着Zn2+浓度的增加呈现从灰绿色到白色的颜色变化。在菌株生长的离子浓度范围内,一定量的 Cu2+浓度能提高 CAT,GOD 酶的活性作用,在Cu2+浓度为25 mg/dm3时活性作用最强;在25～75 mg/dm3时,随着 Cu2+浓度的增加,活性作用逐渐减弱,浓度增加至100 mg/dm3时菌丝不能生长。Cu2+对菌体金属硫蛋白的影响不规则。在 Zn2+浓度为100～400 mg/dm3的培养基中,CAT,GOD酶和金属硫蛋白的活性作用随着Zn2+浓度的增加逐渐增强,在Zn2+浓度为400 mg/dm3时酶和金属硫蛋白活性达到最强。Zn2+浓度增加至600 mg/dm3 时,菌株不能生长。

The study on the reaction of deuteromycetes JYX-201 to heavy metals in polluted coastal areas

A strain sensitive to heave metals was isolated from contaminated sediments of the Jiaozhow Bay coast and identified as Penicillium griseofulvum. The biological features and enzyme active reaction of the strain under heavy metal action were investigated. Results show that certain amounts of Cu2+ and Zn2+ exerted obvious influence on this strain’s morphology and pigment. The spore germination was totally restrained and the mycelium varied severely when Cu2+ and Zn2+ concentration reached 125 and 800 mg/dm3 respectively in mediums. The pigments presented from celadon to shallow yellow with the increase of Cu2+ concentration and from celadon to white with the increase of Zn2+ concentration. Within the growth concentration range, a small quantity of Cu2+ would enhance activities of CAT, GOD and MT and reached climax when Cu2+ concentration was 25 mg/dm3. When the Cu2+ concentration changed from 25 to 75 mg/dm3, the activities decreased gradually and the strain stopped growing when the concentration reached 100 mg/dm3. When the Zn2+ concentration changed from 100 to 400 mg/dm3, activities of CAT , GOD and MT increased gradually and reached climax at 400 mg/dm3 but stopped growing at 600 mg/L ,because the strain could not survive in this concentration.