基于倾斜摄影地表模型的三维地质填图软件关键技术与应用前景

讨论了基于倾斜摄影测量所构建的三维地表模型进行三维地质填图与三维地质建模软件的设计理念、开发环境、软件架构、关键技术、实现现状与应用前景。倾斜摄影影像经处理建模后构建的三维地表模型通常以OSGB格式保存，因此基于倾斜摄影成果的三维地质填图软件最好基于能直接读取、显示OSGB格式数据的OSG开源库，推荐VS2015+QT+OSG开发环境。该类软件的关键技术包括以Proj4为核心的坐标转换系统、地层界线的拾取与半自动追踪技术、基于反距离衰减函数的地层界面防穿透高程调节技术、切制地质剖面并由剖面修改地层界面的二三维联动编辑与修改地层界面的技术、在露头剖面上采集地层界线构建露头地层柱状图的技术。该软件的应用前景包括野外区域地质调查、煤田和油田等行业的野外地质填图，以及滑坡和泥石流崩塌等地质灾害危险区域的圈定。

Key technology and application prospect of 3D geological mapping software based on the tilt photographic surface model

This paper discusses the design concept, development environment, software architecture, key technology, implementation status and application prospect of 3D geological mapping software based on the 3D surface model constructed by tilt photogrammetry. The 3D surface model built by tilt photography image after processing and modeling is generally saved in OSGB format, so the 3D geological mapping software based on tilt photography is expected to be based on OSG open source database which can directly read and display OSGB format data. VS2015 + QT + OSG is a good development environment recommended by the paper. The key technologies of the software include: coordinate transformation system with Proj4 as the core; the picking up and semi-automatic tracing technology of geological interface outcrop line; anti-penetration height adjustment technology of stratum interface based on inverse distance attenuation function; the 2D-3D linkage editing and modification of stratigraphic interface by cutting geological section and modifying stratigraphic interface by section; the technology of collecting stratigraphic boundary and constructing outcrop stratum histogram on outcrop section. The application prospect of the software includes: regional field geological mapping; field geological mapping of coal field, oil field and other disciplines; delineation of geological hazard areas such as landslide and debris flow collapse.