地震灾害风险评估及减灾策略研究——以贵州罗甸县为例

为探究贵州省地震灾害风险薄弱环节，减轻地震灾害风险，以贵州省罗甸县为示范，采用地震危险性概率分析方法对各乡镇进行危险性分析，开展地震灾害承灾体现场抽样调查，通过层次分析法和问卷调查的方式，首次构建乡镇级别的地震灾害风险和减灾能力指标体系，评估各乡镇地震灾害综合指数和程度，计算各乡镇地震灾害风险指数，确定红水河镇为高风险区、罗悃镇为中风险区、木引等7个乡镇为低风险区，并从建筑物设防、地震地质灾害及水库地震等角度剖析罗甸县地震灾害特点，从农村危房改造、移民搬迁、地质灾害防护及交通等方面提出减小地震灾害风险的建议。

Study on Earthquake Disaster Risk Assessment and Countermeasures: A Casa Study on Luodian County in Guizhou

In order to explore the weak links of earthquake disaster risk in Guizhou and reduce the risk of earthquake disaster, this paper takes Luodian County of Guizhou as an example, uses the probability analysis method of earthquake risk to carry out a risk analysis on the towns and villages of Luodian County, and carries out the on-site sampling survey of disaster-bearing body. Through adopting the method of AHP and questionnaire survey, a township-level earthquake disaster risk and mitigation capacity index system was constructed for the first time to evaluate the comprehensive index and degree of earthquake disasters for each township in Luodian townships. The calculation of the earthquake disaster risk index determined that 7 townships such as Hongshuihe Town were in a high-risk area, Luopu Town was in a medium-risk area, and Muyin was in a low-risk area. Through the view of building fortification, earthquake geological disasters, and reservoir earthquakes, etc. and the perspective of the analysis of the main characteristics of earthquake disasters in towns and villages of Luodian County, suggestions were put forward to mitigate the risk of earthquake disasters from the perspective of rural dilapidated houses reconstruction, immigration relocation, geological disaster protection and transportation.