月球质量瘤成因及研究方法综述

月球重力探测一直是国际深空探测的重要目标之一。计算月球重力发现，月球表面存在重力异常区域——质量瘤。通过对质量瘤的特征、成因以及研究方法进行概述总结，认为质量瘤是月幔隆升、高密度物质聚集所致，后期的玄武岩充填可能会增加重力异常，但作用微弱。尽管可以利用月震波分析和月球内部三维密度分布反演新技术，但是基于重力数据和地形资料的研究方法更能高效地对月球的重力场及其特征进行详细研究，高精度的重力场模型可以揭示月球深部构造及层圈形态，进而探索早期月球起源、内部物质演化与运动过程等。该研究方法可为月球和其他类地行星的重力研究提供参考。

A review of the origin and research methods of lunar mascons

Lunar gravity exploration has always been one of the important targets of international deep-space exploration. With the calculation of lunar gravity, it is found that there is a gravity anomaly called mascon on the lunar surface. This paper summarizes the characteristics, origin and main research methods of the mascons. It is shown that the formation of mascon is caused by the accumulation of high-density materials due to the uplift of lunar mantle. While the later basalt filling may increase the gravity anomaly, the effect is negligible. Although passive seismic tomography and the new 3-D density imaging method is accessible, gravity data and topography data can be used efficiently to study lunar gravity field and its characteristics. The gravity field model with high precision can reveal lunar deep structure and the circle shape, and thus explore the origin of the early moon, internal material evolution, movement process and other issues. The research methods in this paper can also provide some feasible directions for gravity research on lunar and other terrestrial planets.