A test of uranium-series dating of fossil tooth enamel: results from Tournal Cave,France |
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| Institution: | 1. Visiting Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China;2. Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China;3. Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China;4. Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China;6. Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China;5. Professor and Department Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;2. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;3. MAE, UMR 7055 “Préhistoire et Technologie”, CNRS et U. Paris Ouest Nanterre, Nanterre cedex 92023, France;1. Key Laboratory for Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;4. Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China;5. Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany;6. Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA;7. Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Harbin, China;8. China Cultural Heritage Information and Consulting Center, Beijing, China;1. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, GEOTRAC-LSCE/IPSL, UMR 8212, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;2. Histoire naturelle de l''Homme préhistorique, UMR 7194, Département « Homme et Environnement », Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 75013 Paris, France;3. Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany;4. Centro Nacional de Investigación Sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), 09002 Burgos, Spain;5. Laboratoire Environnement Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), UMR 5204, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France;6. Geoarchaeology and Archaeometry Research Group (GARG), Southern Cross University, 2480 Lismore, New South Wales, Australia;7. School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, 6012 Wellington, New Zealand;8. Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC-OASU), UMR 5805, Université de Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France;9. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, 710049, China;10. Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin, 541004, China;11. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane QLD, Australia |
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| Abstract: | A series of well preserved mammal bones and horse teeth was analyzed from archaeological levels of Tournal Cave (Magdalenian, Aurignacian, and Mousterain) to test the hypothesis that well-crystallized enamel behaves more as a closed system than does whole bone. The isotopic composition of bones and tooth enamels from this deposit meet criteria for confidence, and gave no reasons to suspect contamination or open-system behavior. Two samples for which231Pa could be analyzed showed internal concordance with the respective230Th ages. In spite of the favourable isotopic criteria, however, comparison of the U-series ages of the bones and the tooth enamel with stratigraphic position and14C control indicated the dates were not meaningful. In general, both bones and tooth enamels gave ages too young, although some were clearly too old. Neither group showed any systematic increase of age with stratigraphic depth. Tooth enamel, therefore, shows no advantage over bone for U-series dating for this site. In Tournal cave both bones and enamel are apparently open to U, which is probably cycling as a consequences of post-depositional groundwater movement. |
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