The application of fuzzy c-means cluster analysis and non-linear mapping to geochemical datasets: examples from Portugal |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Adult Psychiatry, University College Dublin, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, 62/63 Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland;2. School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland;1. Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera I.P., Rua C do Aeroporto, 1749-077 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edifício C8, Piso 3, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Centro de Vulcanologia e Avaliação de Riscos Geológicos, Universidade dos Açores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Edifício do Complexo Científico, 3 Andar – Ala Sul, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal;4. School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;5. Estrutura de Missão para a Extensão da Plataforma Continental, Paço de Arcos, Portugal;1. Immunogenetics Laboratory, Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal;2. Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal;3. Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo António (CHP-HSA), Porto, Portugal;4. Department of Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Porto, Portugal;5. Unidade de Imunologia Clínica (UIC), Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Hospital de Santo António (CHP-HSA), Porto, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | In the interpretation of relatively small multivariate datasets, deviations from homogeneity may cause severe problems. In these cases fuzzy c-means cluster analysis (FCM) and non-linear mapping (NLM) are conceptionally suited to discern structure in the datasets. Particularly, the combined use of FCM and NLM furnishes a powerful method to find meaningful data groupings within a dataset. This is illustrated with two case studies, for water and combined water and stream sediment analyses, respectively, where FCM and NLM were applied. The results are easily related to geology, mineral occurrences and environmental factors. |
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